Ulwazi olubalulekile lwe-PLC lwe-automation

Ulwazi olubalulekile lwe-PLC lwe-automation

Esikhathini sendawo yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ama-PLCs (abalawuli abahlelekile abahlelekile) badlala indima ebalulekile ekuphathweni okuzenzakalelayo. I-PLC ingaqondwa kabanzi njengephaneli yokulawula edluliselwe emaphakathi. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ama-PLCs anciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulawula izimboni futhi athuthukise ukuphathwa kwemishini kanye nokuzenzakalela. Ukuze akwazi kahle ama-PLC, umuntu kufanele aqale aqonde ulwazi oluyisisekelo.

Izingxenye ze-PLC nemisebenzi yazo

Ngaphezu kwe-CPU, inkumbulo, kanye nezindawo zokuxhumana, ama-PLC anokufaka kanye nokuphuma kwezindawo ezihlobene ngqo nezindawo zezimboni.

1. I-Interface: Ithola amasiginali avela kumadivayisi alawulwayo futhi aqhube amasekethe angaphakathi nge-Optocouplers kanye nemibuthano yokufaka.

2. Isikhombimsebenzisi sokuphuma: Ukudlulisela uhlelo lwe-Programme Prement imiphumela nge-Optocouplers kanye nezinto zokukhipha (ukudluliselwa, ama-Jeyristors, ama-transistors) ukulawula imithwalo yangaphandle.

Iyunithi ye-PLC eyisisekelo nezakhi zayo

Uphiko lwe-PLC oluyisisekelo luqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. I-CPU: umnyombo we-PLC, uqondisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene njengokuthola izinhlelo zomsebenzisi nedatha, ukuxilonga kanye nokwenza uhlelo.

2. Imemori: Uhlelo lwezitolo nezinhlelo zomsebenzisi nedatha.

3. I / O interface: Ixhuma i-PLC kumishini yezimboni, ithola amasiginali kanye nemiphumela yohlelo lokukhipha.

4. Isikhombimsebenzisi sokuxhumana: Inika amandla ukushintshaniswa kolwazi namanye amadivaysi afana nabaqaphi nabaphrinta.

5. Ukunikezwa kwamandla: kunikeza amandla ohlelweni lwe-PLC.

I-PLC ishintsha indawo yokuphuma nezimpawu zayo

PLC Shintsha Ukuphuma Okuphumayo:

1. Uhlobo lokuphuma kwe-thyristor: Ngokuvamile lusetshenziswe ngemithwalo ye-AC, okubandakanya impendulo esheshayo kanye nemvamisa ephezulu yokusebenza.

2. Uhlobo Lokukhipha Lokukhishwa: Imvamisa esetshenziswa ngemithwalo ye-DC, futhi inikeza impendulo esheshayo kanye nemvamisa ephezulu yokusebenza.

3. Uhlobo lokukhipha okudluliselwe: Iyahambisana nemithwalo ye-AC ne-DC, kepha nge-Recong Reaction time kanye nemvamisa ephansi yokusebenza.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo ze-PLC nezici zabo

Ama-PLC angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu zesakhiwo:

1. Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe: nge-CPU, ukunikezwa kwamandla, kanye nezinto ze-I / O / O / OCOMENT ezigcinwe ecaleni elilodwa, lolu hlobo luhlangene futhi lubiza kakhulu, lusetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-PLC amancane - ama-PLCS amancane.

2. Uhlobo lwe-Modular: Faka amamojula ahlukile emisebenzi ehlukene, enikeza ukucushwa okuguqukayo kanye nokunwetshwa okulula nokulungiswa. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa emaphakathi nendawo - futhi amakhulu - ama-PLCs esikalini futhi aqukethe uhlaka noma isisekelo sepuleti namamojula ahlukahlukene.

3. Uhlobo oluqinile: Kuhlanganisa izici zezinhlobo ezibalulekile nezinhlelo. I-CPU, ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla, kanye ne-I / Onterfaces amamojula azimele axhumeke ngamakhebuli, aqinisekise ukucushwa okuguqukayo nosayizi ohlangene.

I-PLC Scan Cycle kanye nezinto zayo ezithonyayo

Umjikelezo we-PLC Scan uhlanganisa izigaba ezinhlanu: Ukucubungula kwangaphakathi, insizakalo yokuxhumana, ukucubungula kokufaka, ukwenziwa kohlelo, nokusebenza kokukhishwa. Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuqedela lezi zigaba ezinhlanu uma kubizwa umjikelezo weScan. Ithonywa ijubane lokusebenza le-CPU, ukumiswa kwehadiwe ye-PLC, kanye nobude bohlelo lomsebenzisi.

I-PLC Programme ukwenziwa kwenqubo ye-PLC

Ama-PLC akhipha izinhlelo zomsebenzisi zisebenzisa indlela yokuskena ejikelezayo. Inqubo yokubulawa ifaka izigaba ezintathu: Ukufakwa kwesampula kokufaka, ukubulawa kohlelo, nokuqabula kabusha.

Izinzuzo zezinhlelo zokulawula i-PLC ngaphezulu kwezinhlelo zokulawula ezibuyele

1. Indlela yokulawula: Ama-PLC asebenzisa ukulawulwa okuhlelekile, okuvumela ukuguqulwa okulula noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zokulawula, oxhumana nabo abangenamkhawulo.

2. Imodi Yomsebenzi: Ama-PLC asebenza kwimodi ye-serial, ethuthukisa anti we-anti - amandla okuphazamisa.

3. Isivinini sokulawula: Oxhumana nabo be-PLC empeleni bayiziqubulo ezinokufundisa izikhathi zokukhulisa ezilinganiswe kuma-microsecond.

4. Isikhathi nokubala: Ama-PLCs asebenzisa amasekethe ahlanganisiwe we-semiconductor njengezembatho, ngama-clock pulses anikezwe yi-Crystal Oscillators, enikeza ukunemba kwesikhathi esiphakeme kanye nobubanzi. Futhi banababala imisebenzi engatholakali ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa.

5. Ukwethembeka nokugcina: Ama-PLCs asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-microelectorics kanye nezici ze-self - imisebenzi yokuxilonga yokutholwa kwephutha okufika ngesikhathi.

Izimbangela ze-PLC Output Respock Record Lag and Solutions

Ama-PLC asebenzisa ukuskena okuphakathi nendawo nokukhipha okuphumayo. Amanani wokufaka afundwa kuphela ngesikhathi sesigaba sokufaka isampula yomjikelezo ngamunye weScan, futhi imiphumela yokubulawa kwezinhlelo ikhishwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqabula okuphumayo. Ngokwengeziwe, ukubambezeleka kokufaka nokukhipha nobude bohlelo lomsebenzisi kungadala indlela yokuphendula yokuphuma. Ukuthuthukisa isivinini sokuphendula se-I / O, umuntu angakhulisa imvamisa yokufakelwa kwesampula yokufaka kanye nokuphuma kokukhipha, asungule isampula yokufaka ngokuqondile kanye nokukhipha okuphazamisayo, noma ukusebenzisa i-Intelligent I / OPLANDS I / O PROPS.

Ukudluliselwa kwe-Soft Langaphakathi ku-Moton PLC Series

I-Nokia PLS ifaka izivumelwano zokudluliselwa okuhlukahlukene kwangaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ukudluliselwa kokufakwayo, ukudluliselwa kokukhipha, ukudluliselwa kwesimo, amarejista wesimo, ama-timers, ama-counter, ama-counter, amarejista wedatha.

Ukucatshangelwa kokukhethwa kwe-PLC

1. Ukukhetha imodeli: Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nesakhiwo, indlela yokufaka, izidingo ezisebenzayo, isivinini sokuphendula, ukuthembeka kanye nokufana kwemodeli.

2. Ukukhetha kwamakhono: Kususelwa kumaphoyinti we-I / O namandla wememori yomsebenzisi.

3. Ukukhethwa kwe-I / O module: Ihlanganisa ukushintshanisa kanye namamojula we-analog i / o kanye namamojula akhethekile - umsebenzi.

4. Imodyuli yokuhlinzeka ngamandla nokunye ukukhethwa kwedivayisi: njengamadivayisi okuhlela.

Izici ze-PLC ezimaphakathi zeSampling neModi Yokusebenza

Esimweni esisenkabeni yesampula, isimo sokufaka senziwe isampula kuphela ngesikhathi sesigaba sesampula sokufaka somjikelezo we-scan, futhi isiphetho sokufaka sivinjelwe ngesikhathi sohlelo lokubulawa kohlelo. Ekukhishweni okumaphakathi, isigaba sokuvuselela okuphuma ukuphela kwesikhathi lapho isimo esithombeni sokukhipha sidluliselwa kwi-latch yokuphuma ukuze uvuselele isikhombimsebenzisi sokuphuma. Le modi yokusebenza ithuthukisa i-anti yesistimu - Ikhono lokuphazamisa kanye nokwethenjwa kepha kungadala ukufakwa / okuphumayo kwe-Lag kuma-PLCs.

Imodi yokusebenza ye-PLC nezici

Ama-PLC asebenza esebenzisa isampula eliphakathi nendawo, okukhipha okumaphakathi, nokuskena kwe-cyclic. ISampling ephakathi nendawo isho ukuthi isimo sokufaka senziwe isampula kuphela ngesikhathi sesigaba sesampula esifakiwe somjikelezo weScan, ngokuphela kokufaka kuvinjelwe ngesikhathi sokubulawa kohlelo. Okukhipha okuphakathi kubhekisele ekudluliseleni kokukhipha - Isimo esihlobene kusuka kwirejista yezithombe zokukhipha kwisigaba sokukhipha kuphela ngesikhathi sokuvuselela indawo yokuphuma ukuze uvuselele isibonisi sokuphuma. Ukuskena kwe-cyclic kubandakanya ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi kumjikelezo we-scan ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - ukucaphuna ukuhlukaniswa ngokulandelana.

Ukwakheka kanye nokusebenza komgomo wokuxhumana nabantu nge-electromagnetic

Oxhumana nabo be-electromagnetic baqukethe izindlela ze-electromagnetic, oxhumana nabo, ama-arc - amadivaysi okucisha, ukudedela izindlela zentwasahlobo, kanye nezinto ezikhuphukayo. Lapho ikhoyili ye-electromagnetic inamandla, okuvela kwamanje kwakha amandla kazibuthe, okwenza ukuba umquba wensimbi omile ukukhiqiza ukumiswa kwe-electromagnetic okuheha i-armature futhi kusebenze oxhumana nabo. Lokhu kubangela oxhumana nabo abavame ukuvalwa ukuvula futhi kuvame ukuvula oxhumana nabo ukuze uvale. Lapho ikhoyili yi-de - amandla, amandla kagesi ayanyamalala, futhi i-armature ikhishwa yintwasahlobo, ibuyisela oxhumana nabo kwisimo sabo sokuqala.

Ukuchazwa kwabalawuli abahlelekile (ama-PLCs)

I-PLC iyithuluzi le-elekthronikhi ledijithali elenzelwe izindawo zezimboni. Isebenzisa inkumbulo ehlelekile ukugcina imiyalo yokwenza okunengqondo, ukulandelana, isikhathi, ukubala, kanye nokusebenza kwe-arithmetic. Ilawula izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zemishini noma zokukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa okokufaka kwedijithali noma kwe-analog.

Ama-PLC namadivayisi ahlobene nawo ahlobene aklanyelwe ukuhlanganisa kalula nezinhlelo zokulawula izimboni futhi alungiselele ukunwetshwa komsebenzi.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-PLC nokudluliselwa - Izinhlelo Zokuxhumana

Umehluko phakathi kwe-PLC nokudluliselwa kwe-Player - Amasu wokuxhumana alele kumadivayisi awo ahlanganisiwe, inombolo yoxhumana nabo, kanye nezindlela zokulawula zokulawula.