Izixhobo zokuhlaziya okusingqongileyo: Abagcini beplanethi yethu

2025-08-07

Izixhobo zokuhlaziya okusingqongileyo: Abagcini beplanethi yethu

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ukukhusela kokusingqongileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhusela umoya wethu, amanzi, umhlaba, amahlathi, kunye nemigxobhozo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo kunye nezixhobo zibalulekile. Nazi ezinye izixhobo eziphambili zokuhlaziywa kwendalo kunye nezicelo zazo:

Inkqubo yokuBek 'iMilinganiselo yomoya (AQMS)

Inkqubo yokuhlola umgangatho womoya iyakwazi ukufumana ukugxininiswa kwangaxeshanye kugxile kwi-Pillbals ye-Pillbals emoyeni, kubandakanya i-SO2, hayi, i-NO-NO2, i-PM2.5, PM10). Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizikhululo zokuhlola okusingqongileyo, ecaleni kwendlela, kunye nokwakha iinkqubo zokungena moya. Ngokubeka iliso kumgangatho womoya, i-AQMS ibonelela ngedatha yexesha lokwenyani ukuvavanya amanqanaba okungcoliseka komoya kwaye kunceda ukumilisela amanyathelo olawulo olusebenzayo.

I-Intanethi ye-Intanethi yentsimbi

Abahlalutyo bezensini e-intanethi basebenzisa uhlalutyo olubonakalayo lokubeka iliso kumxholo wesinyithi onzima emanzini, amanzi amdaka, umhlaba, kunye nomoya kwixesha lokwenyani. Ziyafumaneka kwiindidi ezintathu: I-X-ray fluorescence (xrf), i-labhoratri ibhentshi-ephezulu, ilungele. I-XRF Spectrometers ayisiyiyo eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwizixhobo ezisebenzayo nge-atom ezichulumancisayo zeapile ukukhupha imilinganiselo ye-X-rays, ivumela ukufunyanwa kwenqanaba eliqhelekileyo kunye nexabiso lezinto ezininzi. Olu hlalutyo lubalulekile ekujonganeni ukungcoliseka kwensimbi yensimbi kwimithombo yeendaba ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo.

Umgangatho wamanzi akwi-Intanethi

I-intanethi ekuhlalutyeni zamanzi kwi-Intanethi ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye iqhubekeke iliso kwimilinganiselo emiselweyo yomgangatho wamanzi. Basetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumgaqo wokusingqongileyo, ukusela ukhuseleko lwamanzi, kunye nemveliso yemizi-mveliso. Abanye beparameter ebalulekileyo babeka i-factors baquka:

I-Turbidity: Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo ≤ 1 NTU
Ixabiso le-pH: Uluhlu lwe-6.5 - 8.5
I-chlorine yentsalela: yokukhupha amanzi, i-0.3 - 4 MG / L ukuqinisekisa ukuchitheka okuzinzileyo
Iyonke inyibilikisiwe (i-TDS): Umgangatho wamaTshayina ≤ 1000 MG / L

Ngokubeka iliso kule parameter, abahlalutyo bamanzi akwi-Intanethi banceda ukugcina imigangatho esemgangathweni yamanzi nokukhusela izixhobo zamanzi.

Umcwangcisi ongcolileyo ongcolisekileyo

Oovimba abangcolisekileyo abahlelelekileyo bajongile iinqobo ezingenatyhefu ezifana ne-polycyclic hydrocarbons ze-phudcrocar kunye nentsalela ye-pesticide. Basebenzisa i-chromatography yegesi-I-Spectrametry (GC-I-MS) yohlalutyo. Kwinqanaba lokwahlulahlulahlulahlula-hlulografi, isampulu yevaliwe kwaye yahlulwe ngekholam ye-chromatography yegesi. Kwinqanaba lokuchonga le-spectrometry, izinto ezixhonyiweyo zingena kumthombo we-Ion ye-Ion yeSpectrometer, apho zibhuqiwe kwi-ions ye-will. Ezi ions emva koko ziyahlulwa yi-quadrbepoler eninzi esekwe kubunzima babo-ukuya-ukuya kwi-ratious yomgangatho kwaye iguqulwe ibe yimiqondiso yombane ngumthombo. Iziphumo zedatha ibandakanya ukutolitisa ubunzima obucacileyo ukumisela izakhiwo ezihlanganisiweyo kunye nokudibanisa amaxesha okugcina i-chromatographic uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo. Ubunzulu be-ion busetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lobungakanani. Ukongeza, indlela entsha ibandakanya oohlalutyo bokukhwela kwiirones zokuhlola ukukhutshwa kwe-VOC kwiindawo zonke ezizizo zolimo, kunye nenethiwekhi engenazingcingo.

Ukuqukumbela, sinoluhlu olubanzi lweendlela zohlalutyo kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa umoya, umhlaba kunye nolungiso lwamanzi. Eyona nto iphambili kukusebenzisa kakuhle ezi zixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza njengezinjongo kwaye zinegalelo kukhuseleko lwendalo.