Electrical Automation Control: Electrical Engineering Terms
Electrical Automation Control: Electrical Engineering Terms
Active Power
Muchizvarwa, kutapurirana, uye kushandiswa kwesimba reAC, chikamu chesimba chinoshandurwa kuita electromagnetic fomu chinodaidzwa sesimba rinoshanda.
Reactive Power
Muchizvarwa, kutapurirana, uye kushandiswa kwesimba re AC, chikamu chesimba chinobatanidzwa mukutsinhana kwemagineti emagetsi mukati medunhu chinonzi reactive simba.
Simba System
Simba remagetsi rinosanganisira majenareta, midziyo yekugovera, nhanho - kumusoro uye nhanho - pasi zviteshi, tambo dzemagetsi, uye vatengi vemagetsi.
Neutral Point Displacement
Muchikamu chetatu-chikamu chedunhu, kana magetsi emagetsi ari pakati nepakati uye matatu-chikamu chinotakura chiri symmetrical, iyo isina kwayakarerekera point voltage ndeye zero zvisinei nekuvepo kwemutsara usina kwawakarerekera. Nekudaro, kana iyo mitatu-yechikamu mutoro iri asymmetric uye pasina kwayakarerekera mutsara kana kwayakarerekera mutsara impedance yakakosha, voltage inozoonekwa panzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera. Chiitiko ichi chinozivikanwa se neutral point displacement.
Operational Overvoltage
Yenguva pfupi voltage inowedzera inokonzerwa nedunhu - breaker mashandiro kana pfupi - dunhu uye pasi - kukanganisa mamiriro anonzi ekushanda overvoltages.
Resonant Overvoltage
Voltage inowedzera inokonzerwa nemamiriro ekuita resonant musimba - masisitimu masisitimu nekuda kwedunhu - breaker mashandiro kana saturation yesimbi - core components zvinonzi resonant overvoltages.
Yemagetsi Main Connection
Muzvidyarwa zvemagetsi, zviteshi, uye masisitimu emagetsi, chinongedzo chikuru chemagetsi chinoreva high-voltage circuit inotsanangura kubatanidza kwemidziyo yemagetsi kuti isangane nesimba - kutapurirana uye kushanda zvinodiwa.
Kaviri - Busbar Connection
Iyi gadziriso ine maviri seti emabhazi: bhasi rinoshanda (I) uye rakamira bhazi (II). Dunhu rega rega rakabatana kune ese mabhasibars kuburikidza nedunhu rinotyora uye maviri seti ekuzviparadzanisa, nemabhazi akabatanidzwa nebhazi - tie circuit breaker.
Imwe - uye - a - Half - Breaker Connection
Mukugadzirisa uku, imwe neimwe yezvinhu ( mitsara inobuda kana masimba emagetsi ) inobatanidzwa kune mabhazi maviri kuburikidza nematatu ematunhu, achigadzira "one - uye - a - half - breaker" yekubatanidza, inozivikanwawo se 3/2 yekubatanidza.
Factory Power Consumption
* Panguva yekutanga, kushanda, kudzima, uye kugadzirisa chirimwa chemagetsi, huwandu hwakakura hwemidziyo yemagetsi, kunyanya inotyairwa nemotokari, inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairwa kwemidziyo mikuru yechirimwa uye masisitimu ekubatsira akadai sekubata marasha, kupwanya marasha, kubvisa madota, kuunganidza guruva, uye kugadzirisa mvura. Zvese midziyo yemagetsi inoshandiswa pakushanda kwechirimwa, kutonga, kuyedza, kugadzirisa, uye mwenje inowira pasi pesimba refekitori.
Factory Power Consumption Rate
* Chiyero chemagetsi anopedzwa nezvinangwa zvemagetsi efekitari zvine chekuita nemagetsi ese anogadzirwa nechirimwa chinodaidzwa kuti chiyero chekushandiswa kwemagetsi efekitori, inova chiratidzo chehupfumi chekushanda kwegwenya remagetsi.
Continuous Load
* Motors dzinoshanda nguva dzose zuva nezuva.
Intermittent Load
* Mitoro inongo shandiswa panguva yekugadzirisa, tsaona, kana panguva yekutanga uye kuvharwa kwemachina nema boilers.
Continuous Load
* Mitoro inoshanda kweanopfuura maawa maviri panguva.
Pfupi - Nguva Yakaremerwa
* Mitoro inoshanda kwemaminetsi gumi kusvika zana nemakumi maviri panguva.
Cyclic Load
* Mitoro inodzokororwa kutenderera nenguva isingadariki maminetsi gumi.
Self - Kutangazve kweMotors
* Kana pakaitika kudonha kwevoltage kamwe kamwe kana kunyangarika pane bhazi rekupa yefekitori magetsi system, kana bhazi remagetsi richidzokera kune zvakajairika mukati menguva pfupi (kazhinji 0.5 kusvika 1.5 masekonzi) nepo mota isina kuderera zvakanyanya kana kumira, mota inozvimhanyisa uye kutangazve kushanda kwakajairika. Iyi nzira inonzi self-restart yemota.
Kurasikirwa Kwekunakidzwa
* Chiitiko apo jenareta inopindirana inorasikirwa zvishoma kana zvachose kunakidzwa kwayo inonzi kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa.
Excitation Control System
* Iyo yese system inosanganisira excitation regulator, excitation power unit, uye jenareta pachayo inodaidzwa kuti excitation control system.
Self - Yakasanganiswa Static Excitation System
* Iyo yekunakidzwa sisitimu inoshandisa transformer yakabatana kune inoburitsa jenareta (inonzi inoshandura shanduko) sesimba rekusimudzira simba. Mushure mekugadzirisa silicon, inopa mafaro kune jenareta. Sezvo shandurudzo yemanyawi yakabatanidzwa mukufambirana nekubuda kwejenareta, iyi nzira yemanyawi inonzi self-compounded. Sezvo iyo yekunakidzwa inoshandura uye inogadzirisa zvinhu zvakamira, iyo sisitimu inozivikanwawo seyega-yakasanganiswa static excitation system.
Instrument Transformer
* Instrument transformers masensa anoshandiswa mumasisitimu emagetsi kupa ruzivo rwekutanga - redunhu magetsi maparamita kuenda kusekondari - midziyo yedunhu senge yekuyeresa zviridzwa, relay dziviriro, uye otomatiki michina. Dzinoshanda nekusandura zvakaenzana mavoltiji akakwira uye macurrents makuru kuti adzikise ma voltages nemadiki macurrents.
SF₆ Circuit Breaker
* A circuit breaker inoshandisa SF₆ gasi, inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo arc - quenching and insulating properties, inonzi SF₆ circuit breaker. Iyo inoratidzira yakasimba yekukanganisa kugona uye compact size asi ine yakaoma chimiro, yakakwira simbi kushandiswa, uye mutengo wakanyanya.
Vacuum Circuit Breaker
* A vacuum circuit breaker inoshandisa yakakwira dielectric simba revacuum kudzima arcs. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekukurumidza arc - kudzima, kuramba oxidation yevanobatika, hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, uye compact size.
Working Grounding
* Working grounding inoreva matanho ekudzika akakosha pakushanda kwakajairika kwemasisitimu emagetsi. Semuyenzaniso, kudzikwa kwemapoinzi asina kwaakarerekera mune yakananga pasi kwaakarerekera - point masisitimu anobatsira kudzikamisa zvingangoita grid uye inobvumira kudzikiswa kudzika kusvika pasi.
Mheni Dziviriro Grounding
* Mheni kudzivirira pasi kunoitwa kuti isangane nemheni yekudzivirira zvinodiwa. Inova nechokwadi chekuti mheni inonangidzirwa pasi, nekudaro ichidzikisa mheni - inokonzeresa overvoltages uye inozivikanwawo se overvoltage protection grounding.
Protective Grounding
* Iyo inozivikanwawo sekuchengetedzwa kwepasi, inodzivirira pasi inoshandiswa kuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu. Inosanganisira kubatanidza simbi dzakavharirwa (kusanganisira tambo sheaths) dzemagetsi emidziyo kune yepasi system kudzivirira njodzi yekuvhundutsa kwemagetsi muchiitiko chekutadza kwemidziyo.
Instrumentation uye Kudzora Grounding
* Instrumentation and control grounding zvinoreva nhanho dzekudzika dzinoitwa mumasisitimu ekudzora kupisa, masisitimu ekutora data, macomputer ekutarisa masisitimu, transistor - kana microprocessor - based relay kuchengetedza masisitimu, uye masisitimu ekutaurirana ari kure mumagetsi emagetsi. Chinangwa ndechekudzikamisa masimba emagetsi uye kudzivirira kupindira. Inonzi zvakare electronic system grounding.
Grounding Resistance
* Grounding resistance ndiko kushorwa kunowanikwa sezvo ikozvino inoyerera nepasi electrode ichipinda mupasi uye ichipararira kunze.
Voltage
*Voltage inotsanangurwa sebasa rinoitwa nechisimba chemagetsi pakufambisa unit positive charge kubva pakakwirira kusvika kune yakaderera.
Current
* Ikozvino ndiyo chiitiko chemuviri cheyakarongeka, inotungamirira kufamba kwenhamba yakawanda yemagetsi emagetsi pasi pesimba remunda wemagetsi.
Resistance
* Resistance kushorwa kunosangana nezvino zvinoyerera nemu conductor. Iyo inomuka kubva mukudhumhana pakati pemahara maerekitironi nemaatomu kana mamorekuru mune conductor panguva yekufamba kwavo.
Yakatemerwa ikozvino yeMotor
* Iyo yakayerwa ikozvino yemota ndiyo yakanyanya kushanda ikozvino iyo mota inogona kushanda ichienderera pasi pezvakajairwa mamiriro.
Simba Factor yeMota
* Iyo simba chinhu chemota chiyero cheiyo yakatemerwa simba rinoshanda kune yakayerwa inooneka simba.
Rated Voltage yeMota
* Iyo yakayerwa voltage yemota ndiyo tambo yemagetsi iyo mota inoshanda pasi peyakayerwa mamiriro.
Rated Power of a Motor
*Iyo yakayerwa simba remota isimba remagetsi rinobuda pashaft yemota kana uchishanda pasi pemamiriro akayerwa.
Rated Speed yeMota
* Iyo yakayerwa kumhanya kwemota ndiko kumhanya uko mota inoshanda kana yapihwa yakayerwa voltage, yakayerwa frequency, uye pasi peyakayerwa mutoro.
Simba System Oscillation
* Power system oscillation inoreva kusagadzikana kunokonzerwa nekuvhiringika kwakadai sekukanganisa kwemitsara kana nzendo dzemabreaker. Iyo inotaridza seyakajairika frequency zviratidzo uye kwakakosha kuchinja kwemutoro uye voltage metres.
Protective Grounding
* Kudzivirirwa pasi kunosanganisira kubatanidza simbi dzakavharirwa uye mafuremu emidziyo yemagetsi kune yepasi system. Mumasisitimu emagetsi ane mapoinzi asina kwaakarerekera, idanho rakakosha rekuona kuchengetedzwa kwemunhu.
Dziviriro Bonding
* Mumasisitimu emagetsi ane mapoinzi akadzikama asina kwaakarerekera, chisungo chekudzivirira chinosanganisira kubatanidza zvivharo zvesimbi nemafuremu emidziyo yemagetsi kune yaakarerekera conductor. Ichi chiyero chakakosha chekuchengetedza kuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu.
Busbar
* Busbar iconductor inounganidza nekugovera simba remagetsi. Inoshanda senzvimbo yemagetsi mumasisitimu emagetsi, ichitarisa huwandu hwemidziyo yekugovera uye kuratidza kuti majenareta, matransformer, uye mitsara zvakabatanidzwa sei kuzadzisa simba rekufambisa uye kugovera mabasa.
Short Circuit
* Dunhu rakapfupika rinoitika kana zvikamu zvakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe kana pasi kuburikidza neakadzika impedance kana zvakananga, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kamwe kamwe dunhu.
Line Voltage
* Muchikamu chetatu-chikamu, mutsara wemagetsi zvinoreva voltage pakati pemhando mbiri dzemaconductors.
Kuvhara Otomatiki
* Kuzvivharira otomatiki chishandiso chinongozvivharira - chinovhara wedunhu mushure mekukanganisa - rwendo rwekuita pasina kupindira kwemaoko.
Kuputsa Voltage
* Breakdown voltage ndiyo voltage iyo inodzivirira svikiro inotadza uye inoitisa magetsi.
Direct Current (DC)
* Direct current inoreva magetsi uko voltage neazvino ukuru nekwaakananga hazvichinji nekufamba kwenguva.
DC Equipment
* Midziyo yeDC inoreva zvishandiso zvinopa DC simba rekudzivirira relay, kudzora maseketi, uye mwenje wekukurumidza.
Pfupi - Circuit Ratio
* Iyo pfupi - yedunhu reshiyo ye synchronous jenareta ndiyo reshiyo yekunakidzwa ikozvino payakayerwa kumhanya uye yakavhurika - yedunhu voltage kune excitation ikozvino payakatemerwa pfupi - yedunhu ikozvino.
Induced Electromotive Force (EMF)
* Induced EMF inogadzirwa kana iyo magineti inoyerera kuburikidza neinoitisa loop ichichinja, kana kana conductor achicheka nepakati pemagineti mitsara.
Jenareta Kubudirira
* Kubudirira kwejenareta ndiyo chiyero chesimba rekubuda kwejenareta kune simba rayo rekuisa, rinoratidzwa sechikamu. Zvinowanzoreva kukosha pasi pemamiriro akayerwa.
Shaft Current
* Shaft yazvino ndiyo yazvino inoyerera ichibva kune imwe mugumo we turbine jenareta shaft kuburikidza nebere uye chigadziko kuenda kune imwe magumo, zvichikonzerwa neshaft voltage.
Jenareta Yekubatsira Dziviriro
* Dziviriro yekubatsira mumajenareta inowedzera hukuru uye kuchengetedza kuchengetedza, kugadzirisa mamiriro akaita sevoltage transformer circuit breaks, redunhu - breaker kutadza, kana flashovers panguva yekutanga, kuwiriranisa, kana kudzima.
Jenareta negadziriro yeparutivi Dziviriro
* Kudzivirirwa kwekuchengetedza mumajenareta kunoshanda kana dziviriro huru ikatadza kana kusashanda, ichipa kumwe kuvharidzira kukanganisa. Inosanganisira musanganiswa wazvino kuchengetedzwa kwepakarepo, kudzivirira kwe impedance, uye gwara - overcurrent kudzivirira kwakatangwa nekomboni voltage.
Kumanikidza Munda
* Munda wekumanikidza ibasa iro jenareta's otomatiki voltage regulator inoona grid voltage pazasi pechikumbaridzo (kazhinji 80% - 85% yeyakayerwa voltage) uye nekukurumidza inowedzera excitation voltage kusvika pakukosha kwayo. Kana ikashandiswa nerelays, inonzi relay - initiated field forcing.
Munda Kutsakatika
* Kutsakatika kwemumunda kunoreva kukurumidza kubviswa kwemagetsi ejenareta uye kuparara kwesimba remagineti rakachengetwa mumhepo inovhuvhuta. Izvo zvinodiwa kuti uderedze kukuvadzwa kubva mukati mejenareta kukanganisa kana overvoltages panguva yekudimburwa.
Exciter Peak Voltage Yakawanda
* Iyo peak voltage yakawandisa yea synchronous jenareta's exciter ndiyo chiyero cheiyo yakanyanya DC voltage yaanogona kupa nekumhanya kwakayerwa uye yakatsanangurwa mamiriro kune yayo yakatemerwa excitation voltage.
Excitation System Voltage Response Ratio
* The voltage response reshiyo yeexcitation system ndiyo inobuda voltage yekukura kubva kuexcitation system voltage response curve yakakamurwa neyakayerwa excitation voltage. Icho chiratidzo chakakosha cheiyo excitation system's dynamic performance.
Split Transformer
* A split transformer ine-multi- winding power transformer ine imwe yakakwira-voltage winding uye maviri kana anopfuura akaderera-voltage windings yevoltage yakafanana uye simba pachikamu chimwe nechimwe. Iyo inonyanya kufambisa simba pakati pepamusoro - uye yakaderera - voltage windings pasi pemamiriro akajairwa asi inomisa mapfupi - edunhu mafungu panguva yekukanganisa. Iyo yakaderera-voltage windings inozivikanwawo se split windings.
Isolator
* An isolator mudziyo wekuchinja uyo, munzvimbo yakavhurika, ine yakatarwa yekumisa kureba uye inooneka kuzorora pakati pevanobatika. Munzvimbo yakavharwa, inogona kutakura yakajairika kushanda ikozvino uye mapfupi - edunhu mafungu. Inogona kushandura masekete ane madiki mafungu kana kana voltage pakati peiyo isolator's terminals isingachinji zvakanyanya pamberi uye mushure mekushanda, ichishandira ese ari maviri ekushanda uye ekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe.
Kwete - Excitation Tap - Changing Device
* A no - excitation tap - kushandura mudziyo unoshandiswa kushandura tap windings ye voltage regulation kana transformer yadzimwa. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare seye-isina-excitation tap shanduko. Mudziyo uyu wakapfava muchimiro, wakaderera mumutengo, uye wakavimbika zvakanyanya asi une mashoma voltage regulation range, uchiita kuti ukwane kumaapplications uko kusingawanzo diwa.
On - Load Tap - Changing Device
* An on - load tap - kushandura mudziyo unobvumira kudzorwa kwevoltage apo transformer inoramba ichishanda. Iyo inonziwo on - load tap changer, inogonesa kugadziridzwa kwemagetsi pasina kukanganisa magetsi, nekudaro inodzikamisa grid voltage nekuvandudza kuvimbika uye hupfumi hwemagetsi.
Primary Equipment
* Midziyo yekutanga inoreva midziyo inobatanidzwa zvakananga muchizvarwa, kutapurirana, uye kugovera kwesimba remagetsi, senge majenareta, transformer, switchgear, uye tambo dzemagetsi.
Primary Circuit
* Yekutanga dunhu ndiyo yemagetsi main yekubatanidza iyo inotanga kubva kujenareta, inopfuura nepamatransformer uye mitsara yekutumira, uye inogumira pamagetsi emagetsi.
Secondary Equipment
* Midziyo yechipiri inosanganisira midziyo inoshandiswa kutarisisa, kuyera, kudzora, kudzivirira, uye kushandisa midziyo yekutanga, senge zviridzwa, relay, tambo dzekudzora, uye masaini maturusi.
Sekondari Circuit
* Dunhu rechipiri idunhu remagetsi rinoumbwa nekubatanidza midziyo yechipiri mune yakatarwa kutevedzana.
Yakaderera - Voltage Switch
* A low-voltage switch is switching mudziyo unoshandiswa kugadzira kana kupwanya maseketi nema voltages ari pasi pe1000 V AC kana DC.
Contactor
* A contactor is a low-voltage switch inoshandiswa kubatanidza kure kana kubvisa masekete ane mitoro inorema. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaseketi anoda kazhinji mota kutanga uye kutonga.
Automatic Air Switch
* Iyo otomatiki mhepo switch, inozivikanwawo seyo otomatiki switch, inoshanduka-siyana yakaderera - voltage switch. Inogona kukanganisa ese ari maviri emutoro mafungu uye mapfupi - edunhu mafungu uye anowanzoshandiswa mune yakaderera - voltage, yakakwirira - simba maseketi sechinhu chikuru chekudzora mudziyo.
Kupera Magnetic Switch
* Iyo yekudzima magineti switch ndeye yakasarudzika imwe - danda DC mhepo otomatiki switch inoshandiswa mukusimudzira wedunhu rejenareta.
Kuparadzanisa Switch
* Shanduko yekuzviparadzanisa ndeye switch ine inooneka yekutyora uye isina arc - quenching mechanism. Inoshandiswa kushandura masekete nemagetsi asi pasina mutoro. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kubatanidza kana kudimbura mitsara isina kutakurwa, voltage transformers, uye kwete - load transformers yehushoma huwandu. Basa rayo rekutanga nderekuparadzanisa magetsi emagetsi panguva yekugadzirisa michina.
High - Voltage Circuit Breaker
* A high-voltage circuit breaker, inozivikanwawo seyakakwira-voltage switch, inogona kukanganisa kana kuvhara iyo no-mutoro uye kurodha mafungu eakakwira-voltage wedunhu. Muchiitiko chekukanganisa kwehurongwa, inogona zvakare kukanganisa mapfupi - edunhu mafungu kuburikidza nekuita kweiyo relay kuchengetedza zvishandiso. Iyo inoratidzira arc yakakwana - yekudzima chimiro uye yakakwana ikozvino - yekupwanya kugona.
Arc - Kudzvinyirira Coil
* Arc - kudzvinyirira coil inductor inoshanduka ine iron core, yakabatana kune kwayakarerekera point ye transformer kana jenareta. Munguva imwechete - chikamu chepasi chikanganiso, chinoderedza pasi chikanganiso chepasi uye rubatsiro mukutsakatika kwearc.
Reactor
* Reactor inductive coil ine kushomeka kwakanyanya. Iko kutendeuka kwekoiri kunodzivirirwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye iyo coil yese yakavharwa kubva pasi. Reactors akabatanidzwa munhevedzano mumaseketi kudzikamisa mapfupi - edunhu mafungu.
Eddy Current Phenomenon
* Kana coil rikamonererwa papakati pesimbi yakasimba, musimboti wesimbi unogona kutorwa sewakaumbwa nemhete dzakawanda dzakavharika dzakatenderedza magineti. Imwe neimwe mhete yesimbi inoita yakavharwa conducting loop. Kana kuchinjanisa ikozvino kuyerera kuburikidza nekoiri, iyo magineti inoyerera nemumaringi esimbi inoramba ichichinja, ichikonzera masimba emagetsi uye mafungu mumhete yesimbi yega yega. Aya mafambiro emhepo anoumba vortex - senge mapatani akatenderedza iron core axis, inozivikanwa seeddy currents.
Eddy Current Kurasikirwa
* Eddy yazvino kurasikirwa inoreva kuparara kwesimba muchimiro chekupisa nekuda kweiyo eddy mafungu ari mukati mesimbi yesimbi, yakafanana nekudziya kwezvino kuyerera kuburikidza neanopikisa.
Yakaderera - Yazvino Grounding System
* Iyo sisitimu iyo yekusarerekera poindi isina kuvhurika kana kudzika pasi kuburikidza nearc - kudzvinyirira coil.
Yakakwirira - Yazvino Grounding System
* Iyo sisitimu iyo nzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera yakavakirwa zvakananga.
Armature Reaction
* Kana pasina ikozvino armature, iyo mhepo - gap main magineti inogadzirwa chete neiyo excitation ikozvino. Kana armature ikozvino iripo, iyo mhepo - gap main magineti ndiyo superposition yemagineti minda inogadzirwa neiyo excitation ikozvino uye armature ikozvino. Kufurirwa kweiyo armature current pane main magnetic field inonzi armature reaction.
Induction Motor
*Inozivikanwawo seasynchronous mota, inoshanda zvichibva pamisimboti yesimba remagetsi rakakonzeresa mumakondukita achicheka mitsara yemagineti uye simba rinoiswa pane yazvino - inotakura maconductor mundima yemagineti. Sezvo kumhanya kwerotor kunogara kuri kushoma pane iyo synchronous kumhanya kuchengetedza hukama pakati pemagineti uye rotor conductors, inonzi induction mota.
Synchronous Speed
* Kana matatu - chikamu symmetrical mafungu anopihwa kune matatu - chikamu symmetrical windings ye induction motor, inotenderera magineti inogadzirwa mugedhi remhepo. Kumhanya kweiyi inotenderera yemagineti inosiyana nehuwandu hwemapango emota. Iyo yakakwirira nhamba yematanda, inononoka kukurumidza. Sipidhi iyi inodaidzwa kuti sipidhi inowirirana.
Slip
* Kutsvedza kunotsanangurwa sereshiyo yemusiyano pakati pekumhanya kwesynchronous (n1) uye mota kumhanya (n) kuenda kune synchronous kumhanya, inoratidzwa sechikamu: S = (n1 - n)/n1 × 100%.
Nyeredzi - Delta Kutanga
* Nzira yekutanga iyo mota stator windings yakabatana mukugadzirisa nyeredzi panguva yekutanga uye kuchinjirwa kune delta kumisikidza mushure mekutanga.
Absorption Ratio
* Chiyero chekushomeka kwekudzivirira kuyera kuyerwa pamasekonzi makumi matanhatu kusvika gumi nemashanu masekonzi mushure mekushandisa DC voltage kune insulating specimen.
Working Grounding
* Grounding yakaitwa kuti ive yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika kushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi pasi peyakajairwa uye kukanganisa mamiriro, kudzivirira kuitika kweakakwira voltages nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemidziyo.
Protective Grounding
*Kudzika simbi dzakavharirwa kana mafuremu emidziyo yemagetsi kudzivirira njodzi dzemagetsi dzinokonzerwa nekutadza kuvharisa.
Dziviriro Bonding
* Musimba remagetsi rine nzvimbo yakadzikama isina kwayakarerekera, inobatanidza simbi dzakavharirwa kana mafuremu emidziyo yemagetsi kune yaakarerekera conductor. Ichi chiyero chakakosha chekuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwemunhu.
Electric Arc
* Arc yemagetsi inoumbwa nehuwandu hukuru hwemapoinzi.
Phase Sequence
* Kurongeka uko zvikamu zvehuwandu hwe sinusoidal zvinopfuura nemutengo wakafanana. Chero seti yeasymmetrical matatu - phase sinusoidal voltages kana macurrents anogona kupatsanurwa kuita matatu seti ye symmetrical components: positive - sequence, negative - sequence, uye zero - sequence.
Relay Pickup Current
* Iyo shoma ikozvino kukosha iyo inogona kuita kuti relay ishande.
Current Relay
* Relay inoshanda zvinoenderana nehukuru hweizvino kuburikidza nekoiri yayo.
Voltage Relay
* Relay inoshanda zvichibva pane yakashandiswa voltage level.
Fast Relay
* Relay ine nguva yekushanda isingasviki gumi milliseconds.
Kudzivirirwa Pakarepo
* Dziviriro inoshanda ipapo ipapo pasina kunonoka nguva kana yazvino yasvika pamutengo wakatarwa.
Differential Protection
* Dziviriro inoshanda zvichienderana nekuchinja kwemagetsi ikozvino panguva yekukanganisa kwemidziyo.
Zero - Sequence Dziviriro
* Dziviriro inopindura kune zero - kutevedzana mafungu uye voltages hunhu hwekukanganisa kwepasi mumasisitimu emagetsi.
Dziviriro Kure
* Chishandiso chekudzivirira chinoratidza chinhambwe kubva pakukanganisa kusvika kunzvimbo yekuisa yedziviriro.
Kuvhara Otomatiki
* Chishandiso chinozvigadzirisa zvakare - chinovhara dhizaini mushure mekukanganisa - rwendo rwekuita pasina kupindira kwemaoko. Kuvhara zvakare kunogona kuva imwe - chikamu kana kusanganiswa.
Combined Reclosing
* Basa rekudzokorodza apo imwe - chikamu zvikanganiso zvinokonzeresa imwe - nhanho yekutsika uye kudzokorodza, nenhatu - nhanho yekutsika kana ikasabudirira; chikamu - kusvika - chikamu chikanganiso chinokonzeresa nhatu - nhanho yekutsika nekuvharazve, uye kusabudirira kuvharika kunotungamira kune matatu - nhanho yekutsika.
Reclosing Acceleration
* Mushure mekuvhara pane chikanganiso chisingaperi, chidziviriro chinoshanda zvakare pasina kunonoka kutsika dunhu redunhu uye haaedze kuvharika zvakare.
Dziviriro
* Iyo yekudzivirira sisitimu inogutsa kugadzikana uye midziyo yekuchengetedza zvinodiwa, kusarudza uye nekukurumidza kubvisa zvikanganiso pamwe nemidziyo yakachengetedzwa uye mutsara wese.
Backup Dziviriro
* Dziviriro inobvisa zvikanganiso kana dziviriro huru ikatadza kushanda kana muparadzi wedunhu aramba kufamba.
Simba Factor
* Chiyero chesimba rinoshanda (P) kune inooneka simba (S).
Kuchinja Operation
* Kushandura mashandiro kunoreva nhevedzano yemashandiro anoitwa kana midziyo yemagetsi ichichinja kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe kana system yekushandisa modhi yakashandurwa. Mabasa aya anosanganisira:
* Transformer inopa simba uye inopedza simba.
* Mutsetse unopa simba uye unopedza simba.
* Jenareta kutanga, kufanana, uye kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe.
* Kuvhara uye kuvhura network.
* Busbar kumisikidzwa shanduko (mabhazi ekufambisa mabasa).
* Neutral grounding nzira shanduko uye arc - kudzvinyirira coil kugadzirisa.
* Magadzirirwo ekudzosera kudzivirira uye otomatiki mudziyo marongero.
* Kuiswa uye kubviswa kwewaya dzepasi.
Kwete - Kurasikirwa Kwemutoro
* Kwete - kurasikirwa kwemutoro isimba rinopedzwa neshanduko kana yakayerwa frequency sinusoidal voltage ichiiswa kune imwe yemhepo yayo (paiyo yakatemerwa pombi chinzvimbo) nepo mamwe mamhepo akavhurika - akatenderedzwa. Iyo inonyanya kuverengera kurasikirwa kukuru (eddy ikozvino uye hysteresis kurasikirwa).
Kwete - Rodha Yazvino
* Kwete - mutoro wazvino ndiyo magnetizing ikozvino inomisikidza iyo huru flux panguva yetransformer hapana - mutoro mashandiro. The rated no - load current is a average of the three - phase currents kudhonzwa ne transformer kana rated frequency sinusoidal voltage inoiswa kune imwe winding (paiyo rated tap position) nemamwe ma windings akavhurika - circuited, inoratidzwa sechikamu cheyero yakayerwa ikozvino.
Pfupi - Kurasika Kwedunhu
* Pfupi -kurasikirwa kwedunhu isimba rinoshandiswa neshanduko kana yakayerwa frequency ikozvino ichiyerera nepakati peimwe yemhepo yayo nepo imwe mhepo ipfupi - inotenderera. Inomiririra kurasikirwa kwemhangura (I²R kurasikirwa) mumhepo inoshandura mhepo panzvimbo yakatarwa yepombi uye tembiricha ye70°C.
Pfupi - Circuit Voltage
* Short - circuit voltage ndiyo yakayerwa frequency voltage inoshandiswa kune imwe inomonereka kuburitsa yakayerwa ikozvino mune imwe pfupi - inotenderera inotenderera (paiyo yakatemerwa pombi chinzvimbo), inoratidzwa sechikamu cheyakayerwa voltage. Inoratidza iyo impedance yeshanduko (kupokana uye kudonha reactance) paramita uye inozivikanwawo se impedance voltage (pa70 ° C).