10 PLC System Kukanganisa Zvikonzero uye Mhinduro
10 PLC System Kukanganisa Zvikonzero uye Mhinduro
Mumakore achangopfuura, maPLC ave akakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Sezvo kushandiswa kwavo kuchiwedzera, kuve nechokwadi kuti yakagadzikana mashandiro ehurongwa kwave kwakakosha. Nepo maPLC pachawo achivimbika zvakanyanya, mashandiro asina kunaka anogona kukonzera nyaya. Heano gumi akajairika zvikonzero uye mhinduro:
1. Grounding Nyaya
PLC masisitimu ane zvakaomesesa zvepasi zvinodiwa. Iyo yakazvimiririra, yakatsaurirwa pasi system inokurudzirwa, uye zvese zvine chekuita nazvo zvinofanirwa kudzika pasi zvakanaka. Kudzika pasi kwakashata kunogona kukonzera mafambiro asingatarisirwe, zvichitungamira kune zvikanganiso zvepfungwa kana kukuvara kwedunhu. Nzvimbo dzekugadzika dzinofanirwa kunge dziri pedyo kune mumwe nemumwe. PLC masisitimu anowanzo shandisa single-point grounding. Kune yakawedzera anti - yakajairika - modhi yekukanganisa kugona, masaini eanalog anogona kushandisa yakadzivirirwa inoyangarara pasi tekinoroji.
2. Kuita Nekupindira
Nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzinowanzo kwira - uye yakaderera-frequency interference, inowanzounzwa kuburikidza netambo dzakabatanidzwa pane - saiti zvishandiso. Pamusoro pekugadzika kwakaringana, matanho anotevera ekurwisa-kupindira anofanirwa kutorwa mukugadzira tambo, kusarudzwa, uye kuisa:
Kune masaini eanalogi, shandisa kaviri - tambo dzakadzivirirwa.
Kune masaini ekumhanya-mhanya, shandisa tambo dzakavharidzirwa.
Kune PLC tambo dzekukurukurirana, shandisa mugadziri - wakapihwa tambo kana akavharidzirwa akamonyoroka - tambo mbiri.
Usafambisa mitsara yeanalogi, mitsetse yechiratidzo cheDC, uye mitsara yechiratidzo che AC mumugero mumwe chete.
Tambo dzakadzivirirwa dzakaunzwa kana kubva kumakabati ekudzora dzinofanirwa kunge dzakabatanidzwa zvakananga kumidziyo pasina kupfuura nematerminal.
AC masiginecha, masaini eDC, uye masaini masaini haafanire kugovana tambo imwechete. Tambo dzemagetsi netambo dzechiratidzo dzinofanirwa kufambiswa zvakasiyana.
Pa-mazano ekugadzirisa saiti kugadzirisa kukanganisa anosanganisira kushandisa tambo dzakavharidzirwa kune mitsara yakakanganisika uye nekuimisazve, pamwe nekuwedzera anti - interference kusefa kodhi kuchirongwa.
3. Kubvisa Inter - Wire Capacitance Kudzivirira Misoperation
Cables dzine inherent capacitance pakati pemakondakita. Kunyangwe tambo dzakakwana dzinogona kuve necapacitance yakawandisa kana kureba kwadzo kwakadarika miganhu inokurudzirwa. Kana ichishandiswa pakuisa PLC, izvi zvinogona kukonzera misoperations, senge isiriyo kana yekushaikwa masaini ekuisa. Mhinduro dzinosanganisira:
Kushandisa tambo dzine ma-twisted cores.
Kuderedza kureba kwetambo.
Kuparadzanisa zvinopinda zvinokanganisa mumatambo akasiyana.
Kushandisa tambo dzakavharidzirwa.
4. Kusarudza Output Modules
Mamodule ekubuda anouya mumhando nhatu: transistor, triac, uye relay:
Transistor - mhando mamodules anopa inokurumidza kushandura kasi (kazhinji 0.2 ms) asi iine yakaderera mutoro wehuwandu (0.2 - 0.3 A, 24 VDC). Iwo akakodzera kukurumidza - switching madivayiri uye chiratidzo - chine hukama michina, senge inverters uye DC zvishandiso. Funga nezve transistor leakage ikozvino mhedzisiro pamitoro.
Triac - mhando modules ndeyekusangana - ishoma uye inokodzera AC mitoro asi ine shoma yekuremedza huwandu.
Relay - mhando mamodules anotsigira AC uye DC mitoro uye ine yakakwirira mutoro. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mune zvakajairwa kudzora asi ane inononoka switching kumhanya (kutenderera 10 ms), ichiita kuti ive isina kukodzera kune yakakwira - frequency application.
5. Kubata Inverter Pamusoro - Voltage uye Kupfuura - Ikozvino
Pakudzikisa kukosha kwakapihwa kudzikisa mota, inopinda mune regenerative braking state. Iyo mota inodyisa simba kudzoka kune inverter, zvichiita kuti iyo sefa capacitor voltage ikwire uye ichikonzera pamusoro - kudzivirira kwemagetsi. Solution: Isa yekunze braking resistor kuti iparadze regenerative simba.
Kana akawanda madiki mota akabatana kune inverter, kukanganisa mune imwe mota kunogona kuita kuti inverter ifambe, ichimisa mota dzese. Solution: Isa 1: 1 yekuzviparadzanisa transformer pane inverter inobuda padivi kuti iparadzanise kukanganisa mafairi kubva kune inverter.
6. Kunyora Zvinyorwa uye Zvinyorwa zveKugadzirisa Zviri Nyore
PLC masisitimu anogona kuve akaomarara, aine akawanda ekuisa uye anobuda relay terminals. Kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko:
Gadzira tafura yakavakirwa pamagetsi schematic uye uiise pane control panel kana cabinet. Nyora yega yega PLC yekuisa uye inoburitsa terminal nhamba pamwe neanoenderana zviratidzo zvemagetsi nemazita echiChinese.
Gadzira PLC yekupinda - inoburitsa logic basa tafura kuratidza hukama hunonzwisisika pakati pekuisa uye kubuda maseketi panguva yekushanda. Nematafura aya, vane ruzivo rwemagetsi vanogona kuita kugadzirisa pasina mablueprints.
7. Mhosva Kuongororwa Kushandisa Chirongwa Logic
Nemhando dzakasiyana dzePLC dziri kushandiswa, madhayagiramu emanera epamusoro - ekupedzisira PLC seS7 - 300 anowanzo kunyorwa mune mnemonic kodhi. Madhayagiramu ane manera anoshanda anofanira kusanganisira zviratidzo zveChinese zviratidzo. Pakuongorora kukanganisa kwemagetsi, nzira yekudzokera kumashure-yekutarisa inowanzoshandiswa. Kutanga kubva pane yekukanganisa, tsvaga inoenderana PLC yekuburitsa relay, uye tsvaga kumashure hukama hunonzwisisika hunodiwa kuti iite activation. Zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti kukanganisa kwakawanda kunobva pachinhu chimwe chete.
8. Kutonga PLC Self - Mhosva
PLCs dzakavimbika zvakanyanya neiyo yakaderera yekutadza mwero. Hardware kukuvara kana zvikanganiso zvesoftware muPLCs uye CPUs hazviwanzo. PLC mapoinzi ekuisa haafanire kutadza kunze kwekunge akaiswa kune yakakwira - voltage intrusion. PLC inoburitsa relay contacts ine hupenyu hurefu kunze kwekunge yaremerwa nekuda kwekunze mapfupi maseketi kana kushomeka dhizaini. Paunenge uchigadzirisa, tarisa pazvinhu zvemagetsi zveparipheral pane kufungidzira PLC hardware kana software nyaya. Iyi nzira inomhanyisa kugadzirisa uye inoderedza kugadzirwa kuderera.
9. Kuita Kushandisa Kwakazara kweSoftware uye Hardware Zviwanikwa
Mirairo isingabatanidzwe mukudzora zvishwe kana kumisikidzwa isati loop inogona kubviswa kubva kuPLC.
Kune mirairo yakawanda inodzora basa rimwechete, ibatanidze mukuenzanisa kunze usati wabatanidza kune imwechete yekupinza poindi.
Shandisa zvemukati zvakapfava zvikamu zvePLC uye nyika dzepakati kusimudzira kuenderera kwechirongwa uye kurerutsa budiriro. Izvi zvinoderedzawo mari yehardware.
Pazvinogoneka, gadzira imwe neimwe inobuda yakazvimiririra kuitira nyore kudzora, kuongorora, uye kudzivirira kwemamwe maseketi.
Kune zvinobuda zvinodzora kumberi nekudzosera kumashure mitoro, shandisa kuvharira zvese muchirongwa chePLC uye kunze kudzivirira bidirectional mutoro kufamba.
Pakumira kwechimbichimbi, shandisa switch yekunze kutema simba kuitira kuchengetedza.
10. Zvimwe Zvokuzvidzivirira
Usambofa wakabatanidza AC tambo dzemagetsi kune PLC yekuisa zviteshi kuti udzivise kukuvara.
Grounding terminals inofanirwa kuve yakazvimiririra pasi, isingabatanidzwe munhevedzano nemimwe michina. Shandisa waya yekugadzika ine muchinjiko - chikamu chikamu chinosvika 2 mm².
Magetsi ekuwedzera ane hushoma uye anofanirwa kungoita mashoma - magetsi emagetsi senge photoelectric sensors.
Usabatanidza waya kune isina kushandiswa PLC kero terminals.
Kana pasina michina yekudzivirira yakaiswa muPLC inobuda dunhu, sanganisira fuse kana zvimwe zvinhu zvekudzivirira mudunhu rekunze kudzivirira kuremerwa mapfupi - maseketi kubva mukukuvadza sisitimu.