Inama 10 Zingenzi za PLC

Inama 10 Zingenzi za PLC

Mubikorwa bya buri munsi bya PLC, kumenya izi nama zifatika birashobora kongera imikorere yawe neza. Hano hari tekinike icumi zingenzi ugomba kuzirikana:

1. Ibibazo bifatika

Sisitemu ya PLC ifite ibisabwa bikomeye. Sisitemu yigenga, yeguriwe ubutaka irasabwa, kandi ibikoresho byose bifitanye isano bigomba kuba bihagaze neza. Guhuza ibice byinshi byumuzunguruko bishobora gutera imigezi itunguranye, biganisha kumakosa ya logique cyangwa kwangirika kwumuzingi. Ibi bikunze kubaho mugihe ingingo zifatika zitandukanijwe kumubiri kandi zigahuzwa hakoreshejwe insinga zitumanaho cyangwa sensor. Sisitemu ya PC isanzwe ikoresha imwe - point grounding. Kuzamura ibisanzwe - uburyo bwo kwivanga muburyo bwo guhangana, tekinoroji ireremba yubutaka irashobora gukoreshwa kubimenyetso bisa. Ibi birimo umurongo umwe - ingingo yerekana ibimenyetso bya kabili yikimenyetso no kureremba ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, hamwe no kurwanya insulasiyo kuva kubutaka butari munsi ya 50MΩ.

2. Gukemura ibibazo

Ibidukikije byinganda bikunda kuba byinshi - na bike - kwivanga kwinshuro, akenshi bitangizwa binyuze mumigozi ihujwe kumurongo - ibikoresho byurubuga. Usibye guhagarara neza, ingamba zikurikira zo kurwanya - kwivanga zigomba gufatwa mugushushanya, guhitamo, no kwishyiriraho:

Kubimenyetso bisa, koresha insinga ebyiri - zikingiwe.

Kubimenyetso byihuta - byihuta, koresha insinga zikingiwe kugirango wirinde kwivanga hanze no kwirinda kwivanga nibimenyetso byo hasi - urwego.

Kuri insinga zitumanaho za PLC, uwabikoze - yatanzwe insinga zirasabwa. Mubikorwa bidakomeye, porogaramu ikingiwe - insinga zombi zirashobora gukoreshwa.

Ntugahuze inzira yerekana ibimenyetso, imirongo ya signal ya DC, hamwe numurongo wa signal ya AC mumuyoboro umwe.

Intsinga zikingiwe zinjira cyangwa zisohoka mu kabari zigenzura zigomba kuba zerekejwe ku bikoresho bitanyuze muri terefone.

Ibimenyetso bya AC, ibimenyetso bya DC, nibimenyetso bisa ntibigomba gusangira umugozi umwe. Intsinga z'amashanyarazi zigomba kuyoborwa ukundi n'insinga z'ibimenyetso.

Kugirango ukemure kurubuga - kwivanga kurubuga, koresha insinga zikingiwe kumirongo yibasiwe hanyuma wongere uyisubiremo. Ubundi, ongeramo anti - interineti yogushungura kode muri gahunda.

3. Kurandura Umurongo - Kuri - Ubushobozi bwumurongo kugirango wirinde imikorere mibi

Ubushobozi burahari hagati y'abayobora umugozi uwo ariwo wose. Ndetse insinga zujuje ibyangombwa zifite ubushobozi runaka. Ariko, iyo uburebure bwa kabili burenze imipaka isabwa, umurongo - kugeza - umurongo ubushobozi bushobora gutera imikorere mibi ya PLC. Ibi birashobora kuvamo ibintu bidasobanutse, nkinsinga zukuri ariko nta gisubizo cyinjiza cya PLC, cyangwa inyongeramusaruro za PLC zibangamirana. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke:

Koresha insinga zifite ingirabuzimafatizo.

Kugabanya uburebure bwa kabili.

Gutandukanya ibyinjira byinjira hamwe ninsinga zabigenewe.

Koresha insinga zikingiwe.

4. Guhitamo Ibisohoka

Ibisohoka bisohoka birahari muri transistor, triac, na relay ubwoko:

Transistor - ubwoko bwa modules butanga umuvuduko wihuse (mubisanzwe 0.2 ms) ariko bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara (0.2 - 0.3 A, 24 VDC). Birakwiriye byihuse - guhinduranya nibimenyetso - ibikoresho bifitanye isano kandi bikunze gukoreshwa hamwe na frequency frequency hamwe nibikoresho bya DC. Reba ingaruka za transistor yamenetse kumitwaro.

Triac - ubwoko bwa module burahuza - bike kandi bikwiranye n'imitwaro ya AC ariko ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ibintu.

Icyerekezo - andika module ishyigikira imitwaro ya AC na DC kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi. Mubisanzwe ni amahitamo ya mbere yo kugenzura bisanzwe ariko bafite umuvuduko wo guhinduranya buhoro (hafi ms 10), bigatuma bidakwiranye na progaramu yo hejuru - inshuro nyinshi.

5. Gukoresha Inverter hejuru - Umuvuduko na Hejuru - Ibiriho

Mugihe ugabanya umuvuduko mukugabanya agaciro kashyizweho, moteri irashobora kwinjira muburyo bushya bwo gufata feri. Ingufu zagaruwe kuri inverter zizamura voltage hejuru ya capacitor ya filteri, birashoboka ko ishobora gukurura - kurinda voltage. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, ongeramo feri yo hanze kugirango igabanye ingufu nshya.

Iyo inverter itwaye moteri ntoya, hejuru - ikosa ryubu muri moteri imwe irashobora gutuma inverter igenda, igahagarika moteri zose zahujwe. Kugirango wirinde ibi, shyiramo transformateur ya 1: 1 kuruhande rwibisohoka. Ibi byemeza ko amakosa yimikorere agarukira kuri transformateur, kurinda inverter kunyerera.

6. Kwandika ibyinjira nibisohoka kugirango byoroshye kubungabungwa

PLC igenzura sisitemu igoye hamwe ninjiza nyinshi zisohoka hamwe nibisohoka byerekanwe, amatara yerekana, hamwe numero ya PLC. Kworoshya gukemura ibibazo:

Kora imbonerahamwe ishingiye ku mashanyarazi hanyuma uyishyire ku kibaho cyo kugenzura ibikoresho cyangwa akabati. Andika buri PLC yinjiza nibisohoka nimero ya terefone hamwe nibimenyetso byamashanyarazi hamwe namazina yubushinwa.

Kubatamenyereye imikorere yimikorere cyangwa igishushanyo cyurwego, teza imbere PLC yinjiza - ibisohoka logic imikorere yimbonerahamwe. Iyi mbonerahamwe irerekana isano yumvikana hagati yinjiza nibisohoka byumuzingi mugihe gikora.

7. Gusuzuma Amakosa Ukoresheje Porogaramu Logic

Hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwa PLC buraboneka, urwego - igishushanyo mbonera cya hasi - iherezo rya PLC muri rusange birasa. Kuri hejuru - iherezo rya PLC nka S7 - 300, gahunda nyinshi zanditswe mumyandiko yubatswe. Igishushanyo mbonera cyurwego kigomba kuba kirimo ibisobanuro byikimenyetso cyigishinwa kugirango byumvikane neza. Iyo usesenguye amakosa yumuriro, revers - uburyo bwo gushakisha bukoreshwa. Uhereye ku makosa, shakisha ibyerekeranye na PLC bisohoka hanyuma usubize inyuma umubano wumvikana usabwa kugirango ukore. Ubunararibonye bwerekana ko kumenya ikibazo kimwe mubisanzwe bikemura amakosa, kuko amakosa menshi icyarimwe icyarimwe adasanzwe.

8. Gucira urubanza amakosa ya PLC

PLCs zizewe cyane hamwe nigipimo gito cyo gutsindwa. Kunanirwa kw'ibyuma nka PLC cyangwa CPU byangiritse, cyangwa amakosa ya software, hafi yabyo - ntibihari. Ingingo ya PLC yinjiza ntishobora kunanirwa keretse iyo ikorewe hejuru - voltage interineti. Mu buryo busa nabwo, PLC isohoka relay itumanaho ifite igihe kirekire keretse iyo iremerewe cyane kubera umutwaro wa periferique imizunguruko ngufi cyangwa inenge. Mugihe ukemura ikibazo cyamashanyarazi, jya wibanda kumashanyarazi ya periferique aho gukeka ibyuma bya PLC cyangwa software. Ubu buryo ni ingenzi cyane mu gusana vuba no kugabanya umusaruro igihe gito.

9. Gukoresha Byuzuye Porogaramu na Ibikoresho Byuma

Amabwiriza atagize uruhare mugucunga cyangwa gukora mbere yuko loop ishobora kuvanwa muri PLC.

Iyo amategeko menshi agenzura umurimo umwe, zirashobora guhuzwa muburyo bwo hanze mbere yo guhuzwa nokwinjiza.

Koresha ibice byoroheje byimbere bya PLC hamwe na leta ziciriritse kugirango wemeze ubudakemwa bwa gahunda no gukomeza, koroshya iterambere no kugabanya ibiciro byibyuma.

Mugihe bishoboka, komeza ibisohoka bitandukanye kugirango byoroshye kugenzura no kugenzura, no kurinda ibindi bisohoka. Ikosa mugice kimwe gisohoka bizagira ingaruka gusa kumasoko asohoka.

Kubisubizo bigenzura imitwaro ibiri, shyira mubikorwa haba muri gahunda ya PLC ndetse no hanze kugirango wirinde imitwaro ibiri.

Guhagarara byihutirwa kuri PLC bigomba gukoresha sisitemu yo hanze kugirango umutekano ubeho.

10. Ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda

Ntuzigere uhuza imirongo y'amashanyarazi ya AC na terefone yinjira kugirango wirinde kwangiza PLC.

Ahantu h'ubutaka hagomba kuba hashingiwe ku bwigenge, ntaho uhurira hamwe nibindi bikoresho. Umugozi wubutaka ugomba kugira umusaraba - agace gafite munsi ya 2mm².

Amashanyarazi yingirakamaro afite ubushobozi buke kandi arashobora gusa ingufu nke - ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nka sensor ya foto.

PLC zimwe zifite umubare runaka wa aderesi zidakoreshwa. Ntugahuze insinga.

Niba nta gikoresho kirinda ibintu bisohoka muri PLC, shyiramo fus cyangwa ibindi bikoresho birinda umuzenguruko wo hanze kugirango wirinde imitwaro migufi - imiyoboro yangiza sisitemu.