10 Essential PLC Malangizo Othandiza

10 Essential PLC Malangizo Othandiza

M'mapulogalamu a tsiku ndi tsiku a PLC, kudziwa maupangiri othandizawa kumatha kukulitsa luso lanu komanso kuchita bwino. Nazi njira khumi zofunika kukumbukira:

1. Kuthetsa Nkhani

Machitidwe a PLC ali ndi zofunikira zokhazikika. Dongosolo lodziyimira pawokha, lodzipatulira likulimbikitsidwa, ndipo zida zonse zokhudzana nazo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Kulumikiza malo oyambira madera angapo kumatha kuyambitsa mafunde osayembekezeka, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zolakwika zamalingaliro kapena kuwonongeka kwa dera. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene malo oyambira alekanitsidwa ndi kulumikizidwa kudzera pa zingwe zoyankhulirana kapena masensa.Makina a PLC amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi. Kupititsa patsogolo kukana kusokonezedwa kwamitundu, ukadaulo wapansi wotetezedwa ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati siginecha ya analogi. Izi zimaphatikizapo kukhazikika kwachitsulo chimodzi cha chishango cha chingwe ndikuyandama kuzungulira kwa siginecha, ndi kukana kwa insulation kuchokera pansi osachepera 50MΩ.

2. Kuthana ndi Zosokoneza

Madera akumafakitale amakonda kusokoneza kwambiri - komanso kutsika - pafupipafupi, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsidwa kudzera pazingwe zolumikizidwa ndi zida zapamalo. Kuphatikiza pa kuyika pansi koyenera, njira zotsutsana ndi zosokoneza ziyenera kuchitidwa pakupanga chingwe, kusankha, ndikuyika:

Pa zizindikiro za analogi, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa kawiri.

Pazizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa kuti mupewe kusokoneza kwakunja komanso kupewa kusokonezedwa ndi ma siginecha otsika.

Kwa zingwe zoyankhulirana za PLC, zingwe zoperekedwa ndi opanga zimalimbikitsidwa. Pazinthu zosafunikira kwambiri, zingwe zopindika zotetezedwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Osayendetsa mizere ya siginecha ya analogi, mizere ya siginecha ya DC, ndi mizere ya siginecha ya AC munjira yomweyo.

Zingwe zotetezedwa zomwe zimalowa kapena kutuluka m'makabati owongolera ziyenera kukhazikika pazida popanda kudutsa ma terminals.

Zizindikiro za AC, zizindikiro za DC, ndi zizindikiro za analogi siziyenera kugawana chingwe chomwecho. Zingwe zamagetsi ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosiyana ndi zingwe zolumikizira.

Kuti muthane ndi vuto la malo, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa pamizere yomwe yakhudzidwa ndikuyiyikanso. Kapenanso, onjezani code yosefera yoletsa kusokoneza pulogalamu.

3. Kuchotsa Mzere - ku - Kutha Kwamzere Kuletsa Kusokonekera

Capacitance ilipo pakati pa ma conductor a chingwe chilichonse. Ngakhale zingwe zoyenerera zimakhala ndi mtundu wina wa capacitance. Komabe, kutalika kwa chingwe kupitilira malire omwe akulimbikitsidwa, kuthekera kwa mzere - kupita ku mzere kungayambitse kusokonekera kwa PLC. Izi zitha kubweretsa zochitika zosamvetsetseka, monga mawaya olondola koma osayankhidwa ndi PLC, kapena zolowetsa za PLC zosokonezana. Kuthetsa izi:

Gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zopindika.

Chepetsani kutalika kwa chingwe.

Patulani zolowetsa zosokoneza ndi zingwe zodzipereka.

Gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa.

4. Kusankha Magawo Otulutsa

Ma module otulutsa amapezeka mumitundu ya transistor, triac, ndi relay:

Ma module amtundu wa Transistor amapereka liwiro losinthira mwachangu (nthawi zambiri 0.2 ms) koma amakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri (0.2 - 0.3 A, 24 VDC). Ndioyenera kusinthira mwachangu ndi ma siginecha - zida zofananira ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma frequency converter ndi zida za DC. Zindikirani mphamvu ya transistor leakage pakali pano pa katundu.

Ma module amtundu wa Triac amalumikizana - ocheperako komanso oyenera kunyamula ma AC koma amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa.

Ma module amtundu wa Relay amathandizira katundu wa AC ndi DC ndipo amakhala ndi katundu wambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala kusankha koyambirira pazowongolera wamba koma amakhala ndi liwiro losintha pang'onopang'ono (pafupifupi 10 ms), kuwapangitsa kukhala osayenera kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi.

5. Kusamalira Inverter Kupitilira - Voltage ndi Kupitilira - Panopa

Pamene kuchepetsa liwiro ndi kutsitsa mtengo anapereka, galimoto akhoza kulowa regenerative braking mode. Mphamvu zomwe zimabwezeredwa ku inverter zimakweza voteji kudutsa capacitor ya fyuluta, zomwe zingayambitse - chitetezo chamagetsi. Kuti athane ndi izi, onjezani chopinga chakunja cha braking kuti muwononge mphamvu yobwezeretsanso.

Inverter ikayendetsa ma mota ang'onoang'ono angapo, kulakwitsa kwaposachedwa mu mota imodzi kumatha kuyambitsa inverter, kuyimitsa ma mota onse olumikizidwa. Kuti mupewe izi, ikani chosinthira chodzipatula cha 1: 1 kumbali yakutulutsa kwa inverter. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mafunde olakwika amangokhala pa thiransifoma, kuteteza inverter kuti isagwe.

6. Zolemba Zolemba ndi Zotulutsa Kuti Mukhale Osavuta

Ma PLC amawongolera machitidwe ovuta okhala ndi malo ambiri olowera ndi zotulutsa, magetsi owonetsera, ndi manambala a PLC. Kuti muchepetse zovuta:

Pangani tebulo pogwiritsa ntchito schema yamagetsi ndikuyiyika pazitsulo zowongolera zida kapena kabati. Lembani nambala iliyonse ya PLC yolowetsa ndi kutulutsa pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zamagetsi ndi mayina achi China.

Kwa iwo omwe sakudziwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito kapena zojambula za makwerero, pangani zolowetsa za PLC - tebulo la ntchito yotulutsa. Gome ili likuwonetsa mgwirizano womveka pakati pa zolowetsa ndi zotuluka panthawi yogwira ntchito.

7. Kuzindikira Zolakwa Pogwiritsa Ntchito Mfundo za Pulogalamu

Ndi ma PLC osiyanasiyana omwe alipo, makwerero - malangizo azithunzi a ma PLC otsika amakhala ofanana. Kwa ma PLC apamwamba kwambiri monga S7 - 300, mapulogalamu ambiri amalembedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Zithunzi za makwerero zoyenera ziyenera kukhala ndi mawu achi China kuti mumvetsetse mosavuta. Pofufuza zolakwika zamagetsi, njira yoyang'ana kumbuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuyambira pomwe pali cholakwika, pezani cholumikizira chofananira cha PLC ndikutsata maubale omveka ofunikira kuti ayambitse. Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti kuzindikira vuto limodzi limathetsa vutolo, chifukwa zolakwika zingapo nthawi imodzi sizichitika kawirikawiri.

8. Kuweruza PLC Zolakwa

Ma PLC ndi odalirika kwambiri ndi kulephera kochepa. Zolephera za Hardware monga PLC kapena kuwonongeka kwa CPU, kapena zolakwika zamapulogalamu, sizikhalapo. Malo olowetsa a PLC sangalephere pokhapokha atasokonezedwa ndi ma voltage apamwamba. Mofananamo, PLC zotulutsa zolumikizirana zimakhala ndi moyo wautali pokhapokha zitalemedwa chifukwa cha zotumphukira zazifupi kapena zolakwika zamapangidwe. Mukathana ndi zovuta zamagetsi, yang'anani kwambiri pazigawo zamagetsi m'malo mongokayikira zida za PLC kapena zovuta zamapulogalamu. Njira iyi ndiyofunikira kuti mukonze mwachangu komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yopanga.

9. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mokwanira Mapulogalamu ndi Zida Zamagetsi

Malamulo osakhudzidwa ndi loop yowongolera kapena kutsegulidwa kuti lupuyo isachotsedwe ku PLC.

Pamene malamulo angapo amayang'anira ntchito imodzi, akhoza kulumikizidwa mofanana kunja asanalumikizidwe ndi malo olowetsamo.

Gwiritsani ntchito zigawo zofewa zamkati za PLC ndi mayiko apakati kuti muwonetsetse kukhulupirika ndi kupitiliza kwa pulogalamu, kupangitsa chitukuko kukhala chosavuta komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wa Hardware.

Ngati kuli kotheka, sungani chotulutsa chilichonse chosiyana kuti chiwongoleredwe mosavuta ndikuwunika, komanso kuteteza madera ena otuluka. Kulakwitsa mu linanena bungwe mfundo zimangokhudza lolingana linanena bungwe dera.

Pazotuluka zomwe zimawongolera katundu wapawiri, gwiritsani ntchito zolumikizirana zonse mu pulogalamu ya PLC komanso kunja kuti mupewe kuyenda kwapawiri.

Maimidwe adzidzidzi a PLC akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito masiwichi akunja kuti atsimikizire chitetezo.

10. Njira Zina Zodzitetezera

Osalumikiza zingwe zamagetsi za AC ku malo olowera a PLC kuti mupewe kuwononga PLC.

Malo oyikapo pansi ayenera kukhala okhazikika, osalumikizidwa ndi zida zina. Waya woyatsira pansi uyenera kukhala ndi gawo la mtanda wosachepera 2mm².

Mphamvu zowonjezera zili ndi mphamvu zochepa ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zochepa - zida zamagetsi monga zowonera zamagetsi.

Ma PLC ena ali ndi ma terminals angapo osagwiritsidwa ntchito. Osalumikiza mawaya ku izi.

Ngati palibe chipangizo chodzitchinjiriza pagawo lotulutsa la PLC, phatikizani ma fuse kapena zida zina zodzitchinjiriza mudera lakunja kuti muteteze mabwalo amfupi kuti asawononge dongosolo.